1. Tap as necessary to make sure the drum shaft is equal on both sides. No cable loosening is necessary.
2. Make sure your C&G levers operate freely -- lube as necessary
3. Check your drumshaft for unwanted rotation -- this can "walk" your Drive out from the locked position. To check this, mark your shaft with a Sharpie on the top and watch for any rotation when operating.
Depending on the age of your drumshaft, some of the older versions were smooth or modestly splined. If it rotates and is smooth, order a new one. If it rotates and is splined, you might try a little marine epoxy. To check, you can tap it out part way to see what the middle part looks like.
4. When inserting the Drive, make sure the levers are fully in the locked position. Wiggle Drive back and forth to verify.
If it still pops out, try any of the successful improvisional methods suggested by daft and rogerdodger.