If you’re making your own hardware anyway, then you can use threaded shoulder studs instead of fully threaded studs for attaching the wings to the mounting slug. This gives you a smooth area on the stud where the hole in the wing casting contacts the stud. Much better than having the casting bear on threads, which will wear into the aluminum. Use a jam nut to tighten the stud up against the crossbar and a nyloc nut on the outside to hold the wing to the stud. Works quite well. My slugs were tapped to coarse thread (5/16-18). I don’t think a fine thread is necessary here.
I don’t recall the exact length that I used, but below is a link to the type of shoulder stud I’m talking about.
https://www.mcmaster.com/product/92997A335sm