Brown rust stains on hull/ small gouge on hull plz help

I just bought a 1974 H16, its in pretty good shape apart from a few things. I was wondering if anyone could provide some advice on the following repairs:

1. Cigarette-burn sized hole in the main sail, about 1' above the boom near where the blocks connect. Can I buy mylar patches somewhere? I know someone who is really good at sewing so thats not an issue. Would "emergency" sail tape work as a permanent solution? Does a patch have to be mylar or can it be a different material?

2. Pea-sized gouge on outside of port hull just forward of front pylon, it is below the waterline. I think there was a screw sticking up on the piece of crap trailer it was delivered to me on, and left a nice scratch when I launched. The scratch is long and snow-white against the stained hull (I think this is just a scratch in the gelcoat). The gouge at the end of the scratch looks like it goes down to the fiberglass. You can see grey material in the deepest part of the gouge. Can I repair this with aquamend expoxy putty, and sand it nicely? Is it ok to apply it OUT of the water? It says it can be applied underwater so i am wondering if it is ideal to apply it wet.. Can I overlap the putty onto the gelcoat, or can it only be where there is exposed (I think) fiberglass?

3. Boat was left in water and has reddish-brown-orangy stains on both hulls where it was below the water. I tried power washing and scrubbing but the stains didnt budge. Can someone recommend a good product? Is CLR too harsh on the hulls?
-STARBRITE: If I use this stuff will it damage the gelcoat? Im leary of any harsh cleaning products. If I use starbrite, can I just rinse the boat with water afterwards and sleep well at night??

Thanks in advance for any advice! Sorry for the long post.
Cdogg

Try West Marine FSR gel for the rust stains. It works pretty good on Dacron sails too.

Anything with oxalic acid in it will work. Some stuff is stronger than others.

Barkeepers Friend and Zud are mild household products that will clean most stains off fiberglass.

If you go the industrial cleaner route, make sure to wear old clothes, rubber gloves and some eye protection.

Great, thanks for the replies. This starbrite stuff does have Oxalic acid in it, so im gonna give it a try and report back the results with photos.
thanks.

Starbrite worked very well on my old(er) 16 with getting mud/dirt stains off, but I wasn't too impressed on my newer one. I'm going to have to try something else. I think the stains are significantly older and deeper, so they're quite a bit more stubborn.

Sometimes it takes several passes with the starbrite to get the stains off.

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1984 H16 - #80541

If that doesnt work try polishing compound frm an auto supply store

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Raced extensively as a kid (against Matt Bounds!!), just bought a 20 year old 16 and am refurbishing it.

Sail # 21888